Showing posts with label P - - - PLACES. Show all posts
Showing posts with label P - - - PLACES. Show all posts

24/06/2012

Goyu and Akasaka

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- Goyu 御油 and Akasaka 赤坂 on the Tokaido Road -

35. Goyu-shuku 御油宿 (Toyokawa)
36. Akasaka-juku 赤坂宿 (Otowa, Hoi District)
37. Fujikawa-shuku 藤川宿 (Okazaki)


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Tokaido, Goyu 御油(ごゆ) by Toyokuni

. WKD : Lodging on the Tokaido Road 東海道 .


Goyu is located in Goyu-chō in the city of Toyokawa, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. A pine tree colonnade, one of the few remnants from the Edo period post town, is a well-known tourist spot. It was approximately 10.4 kilometres (6.5 mi) from Yoshida-juku, the preceding post station. Goyu was about 298 km from Edo and 195 km close to Kyoto. Now it is in Toyokawa.
Goyu-shuku was established in 1601, at the behest of Tokugawa Ieyasu. At its most prosperous, there were four honjin in the post town, though there were never less than two at any point. The classic ukiyoe print by Ando Hiroshige (Hoeido edition) from 1831-1834 depicts the main street of the post town at dusk, with aggressive female touts (for which the post station was infamous) attempting to drag travellers into teahouses and inns for the night.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !


Akasaka (赤坂宿, Akasaka-juku)
was the thirty-sixth of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō. It is located in present-day Toyokawa, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It was only 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) from Goyu-juku, the preceding post station.

Along with the preceding Yoshida-juku and Goyu-shuku, Akasaka-juku was well known for its meshimori onna, rice-serving ladies. The classic ukiyoe print by Ando Hiroshige (Hoeido edition) from 1831-1834 depicts a typical inn; the scene is divided in half by a sago palm in the center. To the right, travellers are taking their evening meal, and to the left, prostitutes are putting on make-up and preparing for the evening entertainment.
Due to its reputation, Akasaka was a popular post station with many travellers.


by Ando Hiroshige

Ōhashi-ya (大橋屋), an inn that first opened in 1649, less than half a century after the creation of the Tōkaidō, still operates today. The building it uses was built in 1716. During a census in 1733, there were 83 inns in Akasaka-juku, but only Ōhashi-ya remains today. At its peak, though, there were 349 buildings, including three honjin, one sub-honjin and 62 hatago.

Goyu-shuku was less than 2 km from Akasaka-juku, making them the closest stations on the whole of the Tōkaidō.
At Sekigawa Shrine (関川神社) in Otowa, Matsuo Basho wrote the following haiku, because they were so close:

夏の月 御油より出でて 赤坂や
natsu no tsuki Goyu yori idete Akasaka ya

By the summer moon,
depart out from Goyu and
reach Akasaka.


© More in the WIKIPEDIA !




source : itoyo/basho

Basho wrote this hokku in 延宝4年, age 33.




source - more photos : commons.wikimedia.org

Sekigawa Shrine 関川神社


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37. Fujikawa-shuku 藤川宿 (Okazaki)

At its peak, Fujikawa-juku was home to 302 buildings, including one honjin, one sub-honjin and 36 hatago.
Its total population was approximately 1,200 people.[1] The classic ukiyo-e print by Andō Hiroshige (Hōeidō edition) from 1831 to 1834 depicts a daimyō procession on sankin-kōtai entering the post station, which would have been a common occurrence. Three commoners are shown as kneeling as the lord's retinue passes. [2] The Okazaki city government has been working actively on preserving this old post town as a tourist destination.
In addition to creating the Fujikawa-shuku Archives Museum within the preserved waki-honjin, detailing the history of the post town, the city has preserved a number of old structures such old street lights, and traditional houses with lattice windows. A line of old pine trees extending for approximately a kilometer marks the location of the Tōkaidō road.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. The 53 stations of the Tokaido Road 東海道五十三次 .
Tōkaidō Gojūsan-tsugi


. Places visited by Matsuo Basho .


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .


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20/06/2012

Edo the Castle Town

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- Edo 江戸 the Castle Town -

From 1603 to 1868, the city of Edo was the seat of power of the Tokugawa shogunate and the political center of Japan. In 1868 the city was renamed Tokyo and made the official capital of the nation.

. - - - Welcome to Edo 江戸 ! - - - the Edo Jidai Guidebook .

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秋十年却って江戸を指す故郷
秋十年却て江戸を指故郷
秋十とせ却て 江戸を指古郷
aki totose kaette Edo o sasu kokyoo

ten years ten autumns -
now I think of Edo
as my hometown

Tr. Gabi Greve

Basho has lived in Edo now for ten years and feels it is his home now.
He sets out on a trip to his hometown in Iga, Ueno.

. Nozarashi Kiko 野ざらし紀 .


totose 十歳 - an expression from the Genji Monogatari.

Hashi Hime, Hashihime 橋姫

その人もかしこにてうせ侍にし後ととせあまりにて
sono hito mo kashiko ni te use haberi ni shi nochi,
totose amari nite


quote
A pictorial subject based on "The Lady at the Bridge" Hashihime, Chapter 45 of GENJI MONOGATARI 源氏物語 (The Tale of Genji).



The last ten chapters of the Tale are known as UJI JUUJOU 宇治十帖 (The Ten Books of Uji). This chapter, the first of the ten, introduces the Eighth Prince Hachi no miya 八宮, a half-brother of Genji, and his two daughters, Ooigimi 大君 and Naka no kimi 中君, who live with him in his self-imposed retirement at Uji (south of Kyoto). The prince is known for his piety and wisdom. Kaoru 薫, whose serious character is engendered by deep misgivings about his paternity, begins to study under Hachi no miya.
Eventually he learns from Ben no kimi 弁君, the daughter of *Kashiwagi's 柏木 wet nurse, that he is not in fact Genji's son, but rather the illegitimate son of Kashiwagi. The scene most frequently chosen for illustration shows Ooigimi playing a lute biwa 琵琶 and Naka no kimi a harp koto 琴 under the moon and clouds while Kaoru secretly peers in through a break in the villa's bamboo fence.
This scene survives in a section of the earliest illustrated version (12c) in the Tokugawa 徳川 Art Museum.
source : Jaanus


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富士の風や扇にのせて江戸土産
. Fuji no kaze ya oogi ni nosete Edo miyage .
The wind from mount Fuji as a souvenir from Edo . . .


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. Koishikawa 小石川養生所  Koishikawa Yojosho Hospital in Edo .


Katsushika Hokusai 礫川雪ノ旦/小石川雪ノ旦
snow at the tea house in Koishikawa


一時雨礫や降つて小石川 
hito shigure tsubute ya futte Koishikawa

a winter drizzle
and now - some hailstones falling
at Koishikawa

Tr. Gabi Greve


Written in 1677 延宝5年, Basho age 34
The cut marker YA is in the middle of line 2.

The name Koishikawa used to be written with the Chinses characters 礫川.
礫 means small stones, Basho here uses a pun with the hailstones.
. Koishikawa 小石川 in Edo .


With a stone memorial
愚考、延宝元年の吟なり。むかしは礫川と書、後に小石川とあらたむるといふ故に、此作あり。袖日記には貞享二年の部にのせたるは非なり。貞享元の春より正風体を専らに唱ふ。
source : michiko328


Tokugawa Mitsukuni 徳川光圀
. Mito Komon 水戸黄門 .
(1628 - 1701)

In some jidaigeki Samurai movies in Japan, Mito Komon and Matsuo Basho can be seen travelling in Tohoku together.


Matsuo Basho was played by Sakai Masa-aki 堺正章.


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詠むるや江戸には稀な山の月
nagamuru ya Edo ni wa mare na yama no tsuki

Let us write poetry!
the moon above the moutains
is hardly seen in Edo



Written in 延宝4年, Basho age 33

Basho had been back in Iga Ueno for the second time and compares the bright moon of his mountainous region with the usually clouded moon of Edo.
The town of Edo had already more than 1.000.000 inhabitants and its own environmental problems with all the wood and coal fires for cooking and heating.


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quote
During Basho’s youth, Edo city is in the process of rapid economic growth.
In 1672, Basho dared to move to Edo, ambitious to become a haiku master with great popularity. At this time, Basho wrote a haiku praising the prosperity of two Japanese capitals: Edo and Kyoto.

天秤や京江戸かけて千代の春
tenbin ya Kyō Edo kakete chiyo no haru


Kyoto and Edo,
Calmly balanced on a scale,
Forever in spring.

Tr. Yuasa



quote
On the giant scales
Kyô and Edo balance
spring of one thousand years

Tr. Ban’ya Natsuishi

In Edo where Basho was residing, a Kabuki actor Danjuro Ichikawa (1660-1704) made his flashy debut in 1673. In 1677, “Edo Suzume”, a guidebook of Edo sites, illustrated by an ukiyo-e painter Moronobu Hishikawa (1618-1694) was published. Commercial wealth and a growing chônin (bourgeois) population gave birth to a lively and gorgeous culture in big cities: Osaka, Kyoto and Edo.
“Tenbin” (scales) in the above haiku suggests money changer’s prosperous activity. So, the haiku shows us that Basho, free from worry and hesitation, was sympathized with the urban atmosphere of Edo under economic and cultural development. Basho’s rhetoric is bold enough to make up “the giant scales” which weighs Kyoto and Edo.
His bold rhetoric was directly related to the expanding urbanism of Edo.

Modernity and anti-urbanism in Basho Matsuo
. Ban’ya Natsuishi .


Kyoto the aristocrat capital and
Edo the samurai capital

and now noodles -
Soba of Edo versus Udon of Kyoto




Matsuo Basho visiting
. - Kyooto 京都 Kyoto, Kyo - Miyako 都 / みやこ- .



. WKD : tenbin 天秤 scales and salesmen in Edo .


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3 Paintings of Basho from the Basho Kinenkan in Tokyo
江東区芭蕉記念館
source : www.bashouan.com


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Matsuo Basho in
. - Kyooto 京都 Kyoto, Kyo - Miyako 都 / みやこ- .


. - - - Welcome to Edo 江戸 ! .


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .



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18/06/2012

Gichu-Ji Temple

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- Gichuuji 義仲寺 Gichu-Ji -
Gichuuan 義仲庵 Gichu-An // Mumyooan 無名庵 Mumyo-An // 巴寺, 木曽塚, 木曽寺

. Kiso Yoshinaka 木曾義仲 .
Minamoto no Yoshinaka 源義仲 and his grave at this temple Gichu-Ji.
The Chinese characters 義仲 (Yoshinaka) can be read Gichuu too.


義仲の寝覚めの山か月悲し
. Yoshinaka no nezame no yama ka tsuki kanashi .

Written on the 14th day of the 8th lunar month 1689 元禄2年8月14日.
Basho in Tsuruga, during his trip "Oku no Hosomichi".


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October, 1690 - Genroku 3

Basho had been at the temple Gichu-Ji 義仲寺 to view the autumn moon on the 15th. Next day, on the 16th, they went to the Floating Hall, Ukimi-Do.


名月や児立ち並ぶ堂の縁
. meigetsu ya chigo tachinarabu doo no en .
the temple acolytes are lined up at the veranda

月見する座にうつくしき顔もなし
. tsukimi suru za ni utsukushiki kao mo nashi .
moon viewing but not one beautiful face


. Matsuo Basho at Lake Biwako 琵琶湖  .
Karasaki Town 唐崎/辛崎
Ukimi Doo 浮御堂 Ukimi-Do, The Floating Hall for Moon Viewing,


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Basho stayed at the Gichu-An 膳所の義仲庵
earlier on this ravels in the 9th lunar month of 1691, Basho age 48
at the home of his diciple Kukuu 句空 Kuku.

Kukuu 句空 Kuku had asked Basho for a hokku that he could add to a scroll painting of priest Kenkoo 兼好法師 Kenko called "Nukamiso tsubo" - pot for Nukamiso paste.


秋の色糠味噌壷もなかりけり
aki no iro nukamiso tsubo mo nakari keri

not even a pot
in the colors of autumn
for fermented miso


Kenko did not have much possesions, some say only one pot to wash his hands and take his meal. He kept this possession on his daily walks praying for food.

nukamiso is salted rice-bran paste for pickling, barley miso
This is kept in special pots with a lid, even now in the "color of autumn".
. Food Hokku by Matsuo Basho .


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淋しさや釘に掛けたるきりぎりす
sabishisa ya kugi ni kaketaru kirigirisu


quote
“Sabishisa,” a word derived from the adjective “sabishi,” conventionally implies loneliness in Japanese literature. Bashô, however, often uses the word in close relationship with “shizuka.” The following poem, which contains the word “shizukasa,” also has a different draft that uses the kanji normally used to transliterate “sabishisa.”

How quiet it is!
On the wall where the painting hangs —
a cricket.


shizukasa ya/e kakaru kabe no/kirigirisu


How solitary it is!
Hanging on a nail —
a cricket.


sabishisa ya/kugi ni kaketaru/kirigirisu

“Cricket” (kirigirisu) is a seasonal word of autumn. It typically is associated with loneliness and autumn melancholy in classical Japanese poetry. The hon’i or poetic essence of kirigirisu, according to classical tradition, lies in the faint sound of its singing.

Bashô’s verses, however, focus on neither the song of the cricket nor the melancholy atmosphere evoked by it. According to Kukû, one of Bashô’s disciples for whom these poems were written, he was with Bashô at a small cottage when the first poem was composed. The master woke him up one night to listen to the feeble chirps of a cricket. Later, when Kukû asked for a poem on his painting of Kenkô, Bashô wrote the poems.

If this story is true, the cricket did sing that night. The silence of the cricket in Bashô’s poem, therefore, is not a depiction of the real occurrence but an intentional fabrication. Instead of following the conventional hon’i, Bashô cast the little creature against a background of eternal, profound silence, creating a suggestive scene of the seclusion included in tranquility.

In discussing the two pairs of Bashô’s poems that use “shizukasa” and “sabishisa,” Makoto Ueda observes: “Certainly it is more than a coincidence that the word ‘quietness’ is used in place of ‘loneliness’ in both poems.

source : Basho-and-the-Dao - Peipei-Qiu


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CLICK for more photos
Basho's Grave and Temple Gichu-Ji 義仲寺


Takarai Kikaku wrote
Translated by Nobuyuki Yuasa

An Account of Our Master Basho's Last Days

A sick goose fallen,
I slumber at Katada
In my wandering.


However, his friends at Otsu and Zeze looked after him very well till our master regained his health and enjoyed short stays at Genjuan Cottage and Gichuji Temple. He spent some years visiting famous sights in the vicinity, infusing his mind with their beauty.

. . . . . Our master had no permanent abode and travelled in all directions, invited by his friends, if he had died at Matsushima in the deep north or at Mt. Hakusan in the province of Echizen, we would not have been able to do anything for him except to express our sorrow at the sad news, but here, we could guard him from the wind, sitting close to his remains. I was thinking about his disciples who were not so lucky as we were, when birds began to awaken me, and soon, while counting the strokes of the temple bell that began to toll, we reached Fushimi.

We moved our master’s remains from Fushimi to the Gichuji Temple, where his funeral was performed with solemnity and sincerity. His disciples, people of different ranks high and low, came from Kyoto, Osaka, Otsu, and Zeze, for they earnestly desired to pay their respects to their loving master. More than three hundred people attended the funeral, uninvited. His white robe and other necessary things were sewn by two ladies, Chigetsu and Otokuni's wife.

After the funeral, Priest Chokugu of the Gichuji Temple, led us to a small mound and buried him, as our master desired it himself, next to the mound of Lord Kiso, a little behind the temple gate, near the place where an old willow tree was standing. We thought there was a mysterious connection between Lord Kiso and our master, so we made our master’s grave similar in shape to the grave of Lord Kiso, and built a simple fence round it. We also planted for his name’s sake a stock of basho tree which had withered in cold weather.
source : simplyhaiku 2006





. Bashoo Ki 芭蕉忌 Basho's Death Anniversary .


Temple Gichu-Ji, more LINKS


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Basho walked
this road, I realize
and slow at the thought

At the grave of Basho
bees buzz in the flowers -
what can I say?

tms visits the area: Read his report.
© tms


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田螺取義仲寺遠く暮れにけり
tanishi tori Gichuuji tooku kure ni keri

collecting mudsnails -
the temple Gichu-Ji afar
in the evening light


Iida Dakotsu 飯田蛇笏 (1885 - 1962)

WKD : mud snails (tanishi)




Temple Gichuuji 義仲寺
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


Basho Okina Ekotoba Den 芭蕉翁絵詞伝 The Life of the Venerable Basho in Pictures and Words
picture scrolls of the biography of Basho the Elder
at temple Gichu-Ji in Otsu 滋賀県大津市・義仲寺所
. www.bashouan.com... .


Okinadoo, Okina Doo 翁堂 Okina Hall for Matsuo Basho






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. Matsuo Basho at Lake Biwako 琵琶湖  .


. Inoue Juukoo 井上重厚 Inoue Juko (1738 - 1804) .
In 1792 he became the 7th master of the Mumyo-An 無名庵 / Gichuuji 義仲寺 Temple Gichu-Ji .
He compiled hokku attributed to Matsuo Basho
- Moto no Mizu もとの水 - 句集 - A Hokku Collection -

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Mizuta Masahide 水田正秀(孫右衛門) (? - 1723)

Basho's letter to Masahide



(Basho usually hates crows)

A wonderful poem embedded in a compilation of polite standard phrases, which even a poetic genius like Matsuo Basho was using. Basho seems slightly embarrassed when he writes that he was sorry to have nothing special to pass on.

"Thank you for sending me a letter. – I should have written earlier. I am sorry. I am happy to hear that you are fine. I am fine too.
The other day, it was snowy and very cold. I was in my hut and did not go anywhere. Then, I composed this Haiku:

ひごろにくき烏も雪の朝哉
higoro nikuki karasu mo yuki no ashita kana

A crow
Which I'd usually hate.
So beautiful in morning snow.


I wrote this! - When you have time, please visit me and stay for the night. Let's talk together. I will be waiting for you with Yusui*. Although it is not as good if there were only you and me. Sorry to have nothing special to pass on this time. That's all.
– The 12th day of the 9th (lunar) month –
PS I am greatly looking forward to your visit."

The poem was composed in 1691, at Gichu-ji, a Tendai temple in Otsu where Basho often stayed in a cottage called Mumyo-an, "Nameless Hut". Basho was later buried in Gichu-ji temple.

*Yusui, mentioned in the letter, is Mizuta Masahide (1657-1723), a medical doctor and Samurai. As a poet he was a follower of Basho. Masahide was the head of a group of poets who built (paid for) the Mumyo-an.

- source : BachmannEckenstein | JapaneseArt -


. . . 今朝東雲のころ、木曽寺の鐘 の音枕に響き、起きいでて見 れば、白妙の花の木に咲きて    おもしろく
source : itoyo/basho/haikusyu


Masahide's Death Poem

while I walk on
the moon keeps pace beside me:
friend in the water

(wikipedia)


- - - - - Matsuo Basho's haiku about
. - - - nikumu 憎む to hate, to despise - - - .

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A Resting Place for His Spirit: Basho in Zeze
from the Basho4Now Trilogy
Translations and Commentary by Jeff Robbins
Assisted by Sakata Shoko

Of all the places Basho visited in his travels, one in particular, Zeze, a section of Otsu, (now around the eastern end of the Omi Ohashi Bridge) just across the mountains to the west of Kyoto, drew in his heart. Basho spent days and months at various locations in Zeze, somehow connecting with the place – so just before he died, he requested that he be buried at Gichuji Temple, a short walk from the shore of Lake Biwa.

One attraction of Zeze to Basho’s heart was the presence of Lake Biwa and the mountains surrounding the shore of the vast lake.
- snip -
We begin just after Basho finished his journey to the Deep North in the autumn of 1689; still traveling, he went to Ise and his hometown Iga (in Mie-ken). From Iga, Zeze in Otsu is just across a range of low mountains to the north. Here, 400 years before, lived the poetess and nun Shosho. In the coldest time of the year, Basho visits Chigetsu for the first time.
- snip -
- source : Jeff Robbins -


Take Back the Sun
By Jeff Robbins
- source : books.google.co.jp -

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. Kobayashi Issa (小林一茶) .

芭蕉塚先拝む也はつ紙子
bashoo-zuka mazu ogamu nari hatsu kamiko

at Basho's grave
beginning with a prayer...
first paper robe


Paper robe (kamiko) is a winter season word: a thin, wind-resistant outer kimono.
"First paper robe" (hatsu kamiko) refers to the first one worn in the season.
The great haiku poet Matsuo Bashô was associated with winter rain, and he wrote well-known poems about paper robes. His death anniversary, which falls on the 12th day of Tenth Month, is also called "Winter Rain Anniversary" (shigure ki). His grave is at Gichu Temple in Otsu, near Kyoto.

David Lanoue

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. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .


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17/06/2012

His Last Trip

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Saigo no tabi 芭蕉最後の旅 His Last Trip



source : basho/footmark

1694 元禄7年

Starting May 1694 in Otsu, arriving in Osaka 9th of September, succumbing to illenss in Osaka, 12th of October.


- - - - - in ABC order of the Japanese
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家はみな杖に白髪の墓参り
. ie wa mina tsue ni shiragami no hakamairi K .
at the local shrine of his village at Iga Ueno


いなづまや闇の方行五位の声
. inazuma ya yami no kata-yuku goi no koe .
at the home of Kubota Izen 窪田意専.


顔に似ぬ発句も出でよ初桜
. kao ni ninu hokku mo ideyo hatsu zakura .


風色やしどろに植し庭の秋
. kazairo ya shidoro ni ueshi niwa no aki .


数ならぬ身となおもひそ玉祭り
. kazu naranu mi to na omoi so tama matsuri .
on the first Bon Festival for his dead wife, Jutei-Ni 寿貞尼 Juteini


鶏頭や雁の来る時なほ赤し
. keitoo ya kari no kuru toki nao akashi .


今宵誰よし野の月も十六里
. koyoi tare Yoshino no tsuki mo juuroku ri .
at Mumei-An 無名庵 in Iga Ueno.


まつ茸や しらぬ木の葉 へばりつく
. matsutake ya shiranu ko-no-ha no nebaritsuku .


名月に麓の霧や田のくもり
. meigetsu ni fumoto no kiri ya ta no kumori .


名月の花かと見へて棉畠
. meigetsu no hana ka to miete wata-batake .


新藁の出初てはやき 時雨哉
. shinwara no desomete hayaki shigure kana .
- at the home of Kubota Izen 窪田意専 .


涼しさや 直に野松の 枝の形
. suzushisa ya sugu ni nomatsu no eda no nari .
- at the home of Hirooka Sesshi 広岡雪芝 in Iga Ueno.
(- - - - - The first hokku of this trip.)


冬瓜やたがひにかはる顔の形
. toogan ya tagai ni kawaru kao no nari .


行く秋や手をひろげたる栗の毬
. yuku aki ya te o hirogetaru kuri no mari (iga) .
(- - - - - The last hokku of this trip.)


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- Further Reference -

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. Poetic Travelling with Matsuo Basho.


. Kaido 日本の街道 The Ancient Roads of Japan .


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. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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Horai-San temple

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- Hoorai san 蓬莱山 Mount Horai-San -

One of the three great sacred mountains of Japan. It is 1,174 meters high.

Located in Shiga prefecture, Otsu town. 滋賀県大津市



It is the second-highest mountain of the Hira sanchi 比良山地 Hira Mountain range.
source : wikipedia


hoorai 蓬莱 Buddhist mountain Horai in China, where people would live forever.
Horaisan 蓬莱山, Horaijima 蓬莱島, a mythical mountain or island of eternal youth.
'Treasure Mountain' or 'Treasure Island'



蓬莱に聞かばや伊勢の初便り 
hoorai ni kikaba ya Ise no hatsudayori
. hoorai kazari 蓬莢飾 Horai-decoration for the New Year .



冬しらぬ宿やもミする音あられ
. fuyu shiranu yado ya momi suru oto arare .
A place with has the atmosphere of the "Holy Horai Mountain" of ancient China.


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Basho at temple Horai-Ji 雲厳山蓬莱寺 in Aichi, Mikawa no Kuni, 新城 Shinshiro town
三河の国蓬莱寺
This temple was under the protection of the Tokugawa Bakufu government.
Basho visited on his trip from Otsu to Edo (Azuma kudari 東下).



source : itoyo/basho
Hooraiji 鳳来寺 Horai-Ji


夜着ひとつ祈り出して旅寝かな
yogi hitotsu inoridashite tabine kana

on Mt. Horai
Due to the blasts of the north wind, it was a cold day. Basho was troubled by his usual illness, stomach ache, and was not able to climb all the way to the top. He may already have turned back after composing his haiku at the Niomon Gate. On top of that, it happened to be the day of the temple’s festival and Basho found that all inns at the foot of the mountain were occupied.

With difficulty, he managed to secure a small room in a dingy place. There was no proper bedding, and Basho felt cold and miserable. Hakusetsu 白雪 ran up the mountain again to one of the sub-temples to borrow a padded kimono for the haiku master to keep warm during the night.
This inspired Basho to the second haiku of that day:

a padded kimono
received by prayer
sleeping on my journey

Tr. and Comment Ad Blankestijn

Written in 1691, 元禄4年10月末

. yogi 夜着 bedtime quilt .



quote
Temple Horai-ji located in Horai-cho, Aichi Prefecture.
The temple was built in 703 by the hermit Rishu. It is sacred to Yakushi-Nyorai and is venerated as a place for curing diseases by many powerful men including Takeda Shingen, a daimyo of the 16th century, and Tokugawa Ieyasu, ruler of Japan early in the 17th century.

The influence of the temple has declined since the mid-19th century, however, when the samurai rule of Japan came to an end, with the result that only the sanctuary, Nio-mon ("Deva King Gate"), bell tower, Okuno-in (inner shrine), Ko-do (small hall), and two small annexes remain today. The approach to the temple features 1,452 stone steps lined with gigantic cedar trees. The remains of the buildings and other structures here remind visitors of the prosperity of bygone days.
source : www.jnto.go.jp/eng



Mount Hooraiji san 鳳来寺山 - 684 m high



LOOK at more photos here :

芭蕉は元禄4年(1691年)閏10月23日新城在住の太田白雪に案内され、鳳来寺山に登山した。
天野桃隣・各務支考、白雪の子桃先・桃後らがこれに従った。
木枯らしの句は芭蕉がセバイシという所を通った時、即座に詠ぜられたという。
仁王門にさしかかった頃、芭蕉の持病が激しく痛み出した。一行は止むなく下山、麓の家根屋という宿屋に無理に頼んで泊めてもらった。この日は鳳来寺の秋祭りで、どの家も満員だった。あたえられたその部屋は風が吹き抜け布団もお粗末だった。弟子供は夜道を奔走し、やっと山中の一□から、夜着(掛け布団の一種)を1枚借りることが出来た。その時に作られたのが。夜着塚の句であつ□

source : hitotudakenoyama

When Basho visited with his disciples, it was just the time of the Autumn festival and every lodging and home was full with visitors. So they had a hard time to find a lodging for the ill master Basho and getting him some warm bedding for the cold night.

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sugima 杉間 through the pine trees


Basho also wrote the following hokku at this temple

木枯に岩吹きとがる杉間かな
kogarashi ni iwa fukitogaru sugima kana

by this cold gale
the rocks are sharpened
among the cedar trees . . .


元禄4年10月
This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.


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Oota Hakusetsu 太田白雪 Ota Hakusetsu from Mikawa.
太田金左衛門 Ota Kinzaemon was his real name.
(1661 - 1735) - 享保20年(1735)年6月7日
He was born the fourth son of a merchant family, dealing in rice, miso, salt, tea and other things in Shinshiro town 新城. His grandfather and father had already been haikai poets and so he was well instructed already as a boy. He left more than 200 hokku.
He lost all of his family members later in life and died alone at age 75.


source : www.city.shinshiro.lg.jp

Basho visited the Hakusetsu family in the 10th lunar month of 1691, giving his two boys a special haikai name

the elder brother 重英, age 14, was named Toosen 桃先 Tosen, "Peach the elder"
the younger brother 孝知, age 11, was named Toogoo 桃後 Togo "Peach the younger"


その匂ひ桃より白し水仙花
sono nioi momo yori shiroshi suisenka

this fragrance -
whiter than my peach
are the daffodils

Tr. Gabi Greve

In this poem, momo refers to Basho's own name, Toosei 桃青 Tosei (Green peach), and suisen refers to the two boys, 桃先、桃後 "Peach the elder, Peach the younger".
This poem is a celebration of the naming of the boys and his joy about it, which was shared with the parents of the boys.
peach (singular) for Basho
daffodils (plural) for the two boys



. momoiro suisen 桃色水仙 "peach-colored daffodil" .
kigo for spring

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source : facebook

Fudo Myo-O near the Mountain Gate of the temple

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. hoorai kazari 蓬莢飾 Horai-decoration .


. - Places visited by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .

. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .


............................................................................... Hiroshima 広島県
廿日市市 Hatsukaichi city

蓬莱山 Mount Horaisan
Around 1730, off the island 厳島 Itsukushima, there appeared 蓬莱山 Mound Horaisan in the sea.
It looked like many golden folding screens and shimmered in five colors.
Even a government official came to have a look.




................................................................................. Kyoto 京都府

. Urashima Taro 浦島太郎 .
During the time of the 21st emperor of Japan, Yūryaku 雄略天皇 Yuryaku Tenno (418 - 479) . Urashima Taro went fishing and came to 蓬莱 Horai Island, where he stayed with a princess. More than 347 years had passed before he came back.




................................................................................. Nagano 長野県

. Kyogen performance for 節分 Setsubun rituals .




................................................................................. Niigata 新潟県
佐渡市 Sado city

Sado Island has a strange form and was often called Hyotanjima 瓢箪島 "Island like a gourd".
The local people call it 蓬莱 Horai Island.

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -


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- #horai #legends -
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15/06/2012

Juhachiro no Ki

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- Juuhachiro no Ki 十八楼ノ記 Tower of Eighteen -
Juhachiro no Ki


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source : www.18rou.com


美濃の国長良川にのぞんで水楼あり。あるじを賀島氏といふ。稲葉山うしろに高く、乱山西にかさなりて、近からず遠からず。田中の寺は杉のひとむらに隠れ、岸にそふ民家は竹の囲みの緑も深し。さらし布ところどころに引きはへて*、右に渡し舟うかぶ。里人の行きかひしげく、漁村軒をならべて、網をひき釣をたるるおのがさまざまも、ただこの楼をもてなすに似たり。暮れがたき夏の日も忘るるばかり、入日の影も月にかはりて、波にむすぼるるかがり火の影もやや近く、高欄のもとに鵜飼するなど、まことに目ざましき見ものなりけらし。
かの瀟湘の八つの眺め、西湖の十のさかひも、涼風一味*のうちに思ひこめたり。もしこの楼に名を言はむとならば、「十八楼」とも言はまほしや。




このあたり目に見ゆるものは皆涼し
kono atari me ni miyuru mono wa mina suzushi

Written in mid-summer of 1688 貞亨五仲夏, Basho age 45.

source : itoyo/basho

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In Mino there is a stately mansion facing the Nagara River whose owner is named Kashima. Behind it tower the Inaba mountains and to the west a disturbance of mountains cluster together, neither close by nor far away.
A temple in the rice fields is hidden by a stand of cryptomeria and bamboo surrounding the homes along the river bank is deep green.

Here and there bleached cloth is streched out to dry, and to the right a ferry boat floats by. The townsfolk busily go back and forth, the eaves of this fishing village are lined up close together, and fishermen are pulling in the nets and dangling fishing lines. All this seems to enhance for the viewer the enjoyment of the scene.

Enchanted, I forget the summer day, which seems to hold off the coming dark. The light of the setting sun changes into the moon; the light of the fishing fires, too, formed on the waves, slowly approaches. The cormorant fishing under the high railing is a truly striking spectacle. The eight views of the Xiao River and the ten sites of the Xiang River are experienced together in the one flavor of the cool wind.

If I were to give a name to this mansion, I might call it the Eighteen View Manor.

in this area
all that meets the eye
is cool

Tr. Barnhill

source : books.google.co.jp


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In the cool breeze, I find the famous Eight Views of Hsiao-hsiang ant the Ten Sights of West Lake. If one were to give thsi tower a name, Eighteen Sights would be appropriate.


from this spot
all that meets the eye
is coolness

Tr. Shirane


Shirane, Traces of Dreams: Landscape, Cultural Memory, and the Poetry of Bashō
source : books.google.co.jp

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撞鐘もひびくやうなり蝉の声
tsukigane mo hibiku yoo nari semi no koe
(sukigane mo / hibiku yo nari / semi no koe)

the temple bell too
seems to be ringing:
cicada's cry

Tr. Barnhill



the temple bell too
seems to start ringing -
cicada's screech

Tr. Ueda

Written in the summer of 1688 貞亨5年.

At the ruins of castle of Mount Inabayama 稲葉山 near river Naragawa 長良川 in Gifu.

Even among the shrilling of the cicadas suddenly the bell can be heard reveberating.


. kane 鐘 temple bell and Basho .


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source : mat0213.blog17.fc2.com
Inabayama Castle 稲葉山城- Renamed by Nobunaga as 岐阜城  Gifu Castle
This castle had been build by Saitoo Doosan 斎藤道三 Saito Dosan.

quote
The Siege of Inabayama Castle (稲葉山城の戦い, Inabayama-jō no Tatakai) of 1567 was the final battle in Oda Nobunaga's campaign to defeat the Saitō clan in their mountaintop castle and conquer Mino Province, Japan. It was a short two-week siege, fought between 13 and 27 September 1567, or in the Japanese calendar: from the 1st to 15th day of the 8th month, in the 10th year of the Eiroku era, according to the Nobunaga Chronicle.
The siege ended in a decisive battle and victory of Nobunaga's combined forces, and resulted in the subjugation of the Saitō clan, their vassals, and allies. This victory was the culmination of Nobunaga's Mino campaign, waged intermittently over the previous six years, and brought an end to a rivalry between the Oda clan of Owari province and the Saitō clan of Mino, which began over twenty years earlier between Nobunaga's father, Oda Nobuhide and Saitō Dōsan.
© More details in the WIKIPEDIA !


- - - - - Basho wrote :


"A certain Kisaburo lives in quiet retreat at the base of Mt. Inaba and has invited me over to enjoy the cool of evening."

城跡や古井の清水まづ訪はん
shiro-ato ya furu-i no shimizu mazu towan

castle ruins —
pure water from the old well
is what I’ll seek first

Tr. Barnhill


Written in 1688 貞亨5年夏
At the home of 松橋喜三郎.
The ruins of Inabayama castle 稲葉山城.

. Oi no Kobumi 笈の小文 .


- And a waka by Saigyo, written at the home of Taira no Tadamori, the father of Saigyoo's friend Kiyomori:

すむ人の心くまるるいずみかな昔をいかに思ひいづらむ

This well may know the heart of the master who dwelled here, how is it recalling the past days?
- discussion of FB - Naotaka Uematsu


.  Basho and Saigyo 芭蕉と西行法師 .



- - - - - Basho also stayed some time at the villa of
. - Yasukawa Rakugo 安川落梧 - .

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Shooshoo hakkei 瀟湘八景 Eight veiws from Xiao River
瀟湘二水付近の八カ所の佳景、平沙落雁、遠浦帰歩、山市晴嵐、江天暮雪、洞庭秋月、瀟湘夜雨、煙寺晩鐘、漁村夕照の総称。
The eight veiws of Omi 近江八景 take their origin from here.


Saiko Jukkei 西湖十景 Ten vewis from Lake Saiko
蘇堤春暁 - 曲院風荷 - 花港観魚 - 双峰挿雲 - 平湖秋月 - 柳浪聞鶯 - 南屏晩鐘 - 三潭印月 - 断橋残雪 - 雷峰夕照



. Omi Hakkei 近江八景 The Eight views of Omi .


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Kashima Zenemon 賀島 / 加島 善右衛門
His haiku name was Ooho 鴎歩 Oho.
He was an oil merchant from Gifu.

Some of his hokku shared in the collection Arano あら野 :

鷹居て折にもどかし梅の花 

引いきに後へころぶ柳かな 

草刈て菫選出す童かな 

水汲て濡たる袖のほたるかな 

隣なるあさがほ竹にうつしけり 


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. Oi no Kobumi 笈の小文 .

. WKD : ukai 鵜飼 (うかい) cormorant fishing .
- - - and
River Nagaragawa 長柄川 / 長良川 in Gifu


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .



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14/06/2012

Kyoto Miyako

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- Kyooto 京都 Kyoto, Kyo - Miyako 都 / みやこ -


. WKD : Kyoto (Hana no Miyako 花の都) .





Paintings about Basho from the Kyoto Museum Collection
京都国立博物館所蔵
source : www.bashouan.com


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京まではまだ半空や雪の雲
. Kyoo made wa mada nakazora ya yuki no kumo .
(winter) snow, clouds, half-way


. Kyoo mo tooku Narumi ga taharukeki
umi o naka ni hedatete .

alone at the beach of Narumi


京に飽きてこの木枯や冬住ひ
. Kyoo ni akite kono kogarashi ya fuyuzumai .
(winter) winter storm. I am bored by Kyoto. lodging in winter
for - Suganuma Gon-emon 菅沼権右衛門 耕月 Kogetsu -


京にても京なつかしやほととぎす
. Kyoo ni te mo Kyoo natsukashi ya hototogisu . Kyoo nite mo
(summer) little cuckoo, longing for Kyoto


京は九万九千くんじゆの花見哉
. Kyoo wa kuman kusen kunju no hanami kana .
(spring) ninety-nine thousand (people). watching cherry blossoms


天秤や京江戸かけて千代の春
. tenbin ya Kyoo Edo kakete chiyo no haru .
comparing Edo and Kyoto


梅が香やしらら落窪京太郎 
. Ume ga ka ya Shirara Ochikubo Kyōtarō .
Kyootaroo. Allusion to the story Jōruri-hime Monogatari.


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- - - - - Miyako - - - - -


雁聞きに京の秋に赴かん
kari kiki ni miyako no aki ni omomukan

to listen to the geese
in the autumn of the capital
I will set out


Written in autumn of 1690 元禄3年秋.
It is not clear weather this is a hokku by Basho himself.

In a letter to
. Takahashi Dosui 高橋怒誰 .


..........................................................................



都出でて神も旅寝の日数哉
. miyako idete kami mo tabine no hikazu kana .
I left the capital


子の日しに都へ行かん友もがな
. ne no hi shi ni miyako e ikan tomo mo gana / nenohi.
(New Year) day of the rat. capital Kyoto. no friend


里人は稻に歌詠む都かな
. (satobito) sato-bito wa ine ni uta yomu miyako kana .
(summer) rice plant. the local people. to sing. the capital Kyoto



塩にしてもいざ言伝てん都鳥 
. shio ni shite mo iza kotozuten Miyako-dori .
"bird of the capital"

..........................................................................................................................................................


瓜の皮剥いたところや蓮台野 
. uri no kawa muita tokoro ya Rendaino .

Rendaino was a famous graveyard in Kyoto.
The word is also used for graveyards elsewhere.

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たんだすめ住めば都ぞ今日の月
tanda sume sumeba miyako zo kyoo no tsuki
Tanda sume sumeba miyako zo kyô no tsuki

Only live and let it be clear!
If you live in the capital Kyô,
today’s full moon so clear


Basho played with homonyms: “sume” means “clear” and “live”; “kyô” means “Kyoto” and “today”. His haiku at this time was far from his later work that developed a mental depth that was non-existent in haiku before. The above poem followed the examples by haiku school called Danrin which was quite popular at that time. This school was most characterized by playing with words and humor and lacked mental or emotional substance. Basho’s rhetorical skill at this point in his career is not so excellent, though it was far from mediocre.
His haiku writing was not based on the particulars of reality experienced by himself. Basho was a mere young countryman of poetry imitating the days’ fashion of haiku writing.

Modernity and anti-urbanism in Basho Matsuo
. Ban’ya Natsuishi .


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. WKD : Kyoto (Hana no Miyako 花の都) .

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- quote -
Cooling off by the River at Shijo (1690)
The custom Basho describes in the following haibun and haiku began in the late 12th century as part of the Gion Festival; a temporary bridge was set up for portable shrines to cross the Kamo River near Gion Shrine (now Yasaka shrine), and eventually tearooms proliferated at the foot of this bridge.
By Basho’s time in the late 17th century platforms were built over the river and people flocked there to enjoy the river coolness. There are famous paintings of “Cooling off by the River at Shijo” by both Ando Hiroshige (1835) and his son-in-law Ando Hiroshige II (1860).



Cooling off by the river at Shijo
is a custom from the time of the evening moon till it passes through the dawn sky.
People line up on a platform over the river to pass the night drinking, eating, and having a good time.

The women’s kimono sashes are extravagant, the men’s haori jackets long in the formal style, Buddhist priests mingle with old folks, and even the blacksmith’s and bucket maker’s apprentices, their faces smiling with leisure, sing loud rowdy songs.
It is a scene to be expected in Kyoto.

River breeze —
wearing pale persimmon
in evening cool


- Read the full article here:
- source : writersinkyoto.com Jeff Robbins -


四條の「河原涼み」とて、夕月夜のころより有明過ぐるころ*まで、川中に床を並べて、夜すがら酒飲み物食ひ遊ぶ。女は帯の結び目いかめしく、男は羽織長う着なして、法師・老人ともに交り、桶屋・鍛冶屋の弟子子まで、いとま得顔に*、うたひののしる。さすがに都のけしきなるべし。

. 川風や薄柿着たる夕涼み .
kawakaze ya usugaki kitaru yuusuzumi - river breeze


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. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .



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Kiso Nagano

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- Kiso 木曽 / 木曾 -

Kiso Mountains (木曽山脈  Kiso Sanmyaku)
are a mountain range in Nagano and Gifu prefectures in Japan. They are also called the Central Alps (中央アルプス, Chūō Arupusu?) and they combine with the Hida Mountains ("Northern Alps") and the Akaishi Mountains ("Southern Alps") to form a group collectively known as the Japanese Alps.


The Kiso River (木曽川  Kiso-gawa)
is a river in Japan roughly 193 km long, flowing through the prefectures of Nagano, Gifu, Aichi, and Mie before emptying into Ise Bay a short distance away from the city of Nagoya.[1] It is the main river of the Kiso Three Rivers (along with Ibi and Nagara rivers) and forms a major part of the Nōbi Plain. The valley around the upper portion of the river forms the Kiso Valley.

Parts of the Kiso River are sometimes referred to as the Japan Rhine because of its similarities to the Rhine in Europe.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !





The Sixty-nine Stations of the Kisokaido - Kiso Kaidoo 木曽街道 Kiso Kaido -
by Hiroshige
- Reference -



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木曽の栃浮世の人のみやげかな
木曽の橡浮世の人の土産かな
Kiso no tochi ukiyo no hito no miyage kana

chestnuts from Kiso
as souvenirs for those
of the floating world . . .



quote
(Basho's) account of the journey along the Kiso Road is so cursory that we are hardly given a place-name to help us identify Basho's course, but this may be because he traveled very quickly, in order to reach Obasuteyama before the night of the full moon.

This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.

Matsuo Basho traveling along the
. Nakasendoo 中山道 The Nakasendo Road .


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The Hanging Bridge at Kiso 木曽の架け橋 / 木曽のかけはし Kiso no Kakehashi
長野県木曽郡上松町北上条 Nagano,






桟はしや命をからむ蔦かつら
桟や命をからむ蔦葛
kakehashi ya inochi o karamu tsuta katsura
(sanbashi ya)

this plank bridge -
the tsuta and katsura vines
coil their lives



This was an old fragile bridge in the times of Basho, at the Nakasendo, Agematsu juku 上松塾.
The Kakehashi from Kiso 木曽の桟(かけはし)
It was one of the most dangerous places on the old road, along with
Atsuta no watashi 太田のわたし river corssing at Atsuta
and
Usui Tooge 碓氷峠 Usui pass.


Hiroshige Ando 1797-1858
Agematsu 上松



. WKD - tsuta and katsura vines .



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桟やまづ思ひ出づ馬迎へ
kakehashi ya mazu omoi-izu uma mukae

this hanging bridge -
the first thing that comes to mind
is the meeting of the tribute horses




. WKD : koma mukae 駒迎え(こまむかえ)"picking up the horses" .
aki no komabiki 秋の駒牽  selecting horses in autumn
koma mukae 駒迎え(こまむかえ)"picking up the horses"
"going to meet the tribute horses"
..... koma mukai こまむかい
hikiwakezukai 引分使(ひきわけづかい)
mochizuki no koma 望月の駒 - horses in the full moon month
Kirihara no koma 霧原の駒 - horses in the misty plains of Kirihara, Nagano

kigo for mid-autumn

This is an old custom since the Heian period, on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.
An official from the court comes to pick up the horses (mukae, mukai) at Kirihara, from the various horse breeding regions. He comes up to this bridge to meet the horses and has them handed over to bring to the court.

Kobayashi Issa also has some hokku about this custom, see the link above.

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更科紀行 Sarashina Kiko
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .





Sake with the name "Kiso no Kakehashi"


- Reference - Ito Yo -


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憂き人の旅にも習へ木曾の蠅
憂き人の旅にも習へ木曽の蝿
ukihito no tabi ni mo narae Kiso no hae

learn from the journey
of a sorrowing wayfarer:
flies of Kiso

Tr. Barnhill

Written in 元禄6年5月6日, Basho age 50.
This was a poem written for his disciple Kyoroku (Kyoriku) 許六, who left for his trip

ukihito 憂き人 refers to a person with elegant sentiments and feelings for poetry.
Traveling in the hot, sweltering summer is always unpleasant in Japan, with great humidity and plenty of moskitoes, flies and other insects. Even though, for a man of fuuga 風雅, it is an experience to write a poem.

On the same day, Basho also wrote for the same occasion:

旅人の心にも似よ椎の花
tabibito no kokoro ni mo niyo shii no hana

MORE about traveling with
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


. - Morikawa Kyoroku / Kyoriku 森川許六 - .


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思ひ出す木曾や四月の桜狩
omoidasu / Kiso ya shigatsu no / sakura-gari

思ひ立つ木曽や四月の桜狩り
omoitatsu Kiso ya shigatsu no sakuragari

I am ready for
Kiso - hunting for cherry blossoms
in the fourth month


Written in the third lunar month of 1687 貞亨2年3月, when he was in Owari 尾張 near Nagoya.

omoitatsu 思ひ立つ brings out his resolve to start the trip to Kiso soon.
omoidasu 思ひ出す would imply that Basho had seen them before and is remembering the spring in Kiso.
The cut marker YA is in the middle of line 2.


Nozarashi Kiko 野ざらし紀行
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


. Basho and the Cherry Blossoms .


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. WKD : Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

木曽路行ていざ年寄らん秋ひとり
kiso-ji yukite iza toshi-yoran aki hitori

Following Kiso Road
I shall become aged
alone in autumn.

Tr. Sawa/ Shiffert


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Walking the Kiso Road - William Scott Wilson
- source : Japanese Literature - facebook -

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. Places visited by Matsuo Basho .


. Cultural Keywords used by Basho .

. - KIGO used by Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - .


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